𝐊𝐇𝐔𝐀 𝐋𝐀𝐋 𝐋𝐄𝐇 𝐑𝐀𝐌 𝐔𝐊

𝑻𝑼𝑨𝑳 𝑶𝑹𝑰𝑬𝑵𝑻𝑬𝑫 𝑷𝑶𝑳𝑰𝑻𝑰𝑪𝑨𝑳 𝑺𝒀𝑺𝑻𝑬𝑴𝑺 𝑻𝑯𝑰𝑳 𝑨𝑾𝑴 𝑫𝑨𝑵

Thuthlung hluiah chuan Chin-ho hian politics kalphung hrang hrang pathum an siam a, chungte chu Khua- bawi kalphung, Ram-uk kalphung leh ‘Tlaisun Democratic Council’ (Stevenson 1943: 213) te an ni. 𝑲𝑯𝑼𝑨 𝑳𝑨𝑳 𝑳𝑬𝑯 𝑹𝑨𝑴-𝑼𝑲 𝑺𝒚𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒎

Khua-lal kalphungah chuan khaw zalen tak chu hier- archical local chief-in a awp a, ani hian a ram chhunga politics, sakhaw, khawtlang leh sum leh pai lama thil awm zawng zawng thunun leh enkawl theihna thuneihna leh tih tur a nei a ni.
Khua-bawi tih awmzia chu ‘Khua roreltu’ tihna a ni. Khaw roreltu chuan khua council ruat theihna a nei a, ram sem theihna a nei a, a hnuaia mite hnen atanga chhiah lak theihna dikna.
A hnuaia awm khawtlang zawng zawng aiawhin Tual Khua- hrum inthawina hlan theihna a nei a ni. A tawi zawngin, ama khuaah pawh ‘lei lal’ a ni.
Khua-bawi kalphungah chuan lal thuneihna leh tih tur awm dan chu a tlangpuiin Ram-uk kalphungah chuan lal ber nen a inang vek a ni.
Frederick Downs-a ang history ziaktute chuan hetiang political system hi ‘independent village-state’ an ti (Downs 1983: 11). A nihna takah chuan khua-ram zalen tak chu a tlem hle.
Kawng khat emaw kawng dangah emaw chuan khaw dang leh khawtlang dangte nen emaw, hnam lal chak zawkte nen emaw indona inzawmna an siam a.
Ṭhenkhatah chuan indonaa ṭangrual hotu ber pawh zahna an hlan hial a ni.
Amaherawhchu,
Tual ground-a Khua-hrum biakna chu mahni inrintawkna neia an tih chhung chuan, Khua-bawi system of independent village-states-ah kan categorize a.

Ram-uk system hi political system a ni a, hierarchical tribal chief chuan hnam pum emaw, hnam thenkhat emaw, khaw pahnih aia tam emaw, Tual khawtlang pum emaw a thunun a ni. Hetiang political system hi tribal feudalism tia sawi theih a ni.
Ram-uk kalphung hi hnam dan anga Chin khawtlang nunah chuan politics kalphung pawimawh ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni.
Principle-ah chuan ram uk lal-pa hian khaw hnih tal a awp tur a ni a, mahse a tlangpuiin hnam pumpui Sailo lalpain tuna Mizoram State-a Mizo hnam pumpui a awp angin, a nih loh leh khaw 300-500 vel a awp ang khan – Chief Hau Cin Khup-a Burma rama tuna Chin State-a Tiddim leh Tawnzang khawpui zawng zawng a awp angin.
Ram-uk thiltihtheihna leh tih tur chu a chungah kan sawi tawh a.
I leh Ram-uk system te chu Tual biaknaah dan anga siam leh nemngheh a nih avangin Khua-bawi Khua-hrum-a chief thuneihnate engtin nge a bung leh lamah kan sawi dawn a ni. 𝑻𝑳𝑨𝑰𝑺𝑼𝑵 𝑫𝑬𝑴𝑶𝑪𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑪 𝑪𝑶𝑼𝑵𝑪𝑰𝑳-𝑰𝑵 𝑨 𝑺𝑨𝑾𝑰

Khua-lalleh Ram-uk system bakah hian Chin-ho hian an hnam danin democratic political system ‘Tlaisun Democratic Council’ an tih chu an siam a, chu chuan ‘democratic constitution’ a nei a, ‘uppa council-in a thunun a, chu chu an vai vek nia ngaih a ni mi hausa tak takte’n an sawi (Lehman 1963: 141).

Dik tak chuan Chin ho hian hetiang democratic council hi an siam chhuak ta mai mai a ni. Tlaisun ho hi Sunthla leh Haka te ang bawkin, Laimi hnam awmna hmasa ber Lai-lun thlahte an ni.
Kum zabi sawm leh parukna leh sawm leh pasarih chhung khan Haka-ho chu an chak hle a, chuvangin kawng khata Haka leh khawthlang lama Sunthla leh Tlaisun inkara thuneihna inchuhna chu a nasa ta hle a ni.
Indona chu vawi eng emaw zat a chhuak a. Pakhatnaah chuan Sunthla leh Tlaisun te chu hnehtu niin a lang a, mahse Haka lal Lian Nawn lal lai khachuan khaw pahnih [Sunthla leh Tlaisun] chu a bei a, a tichhia a, a chhunga chengte chu a tidarh darh a, kum tam tak chhung chu tlanchhia angin khawsakna hmunah an khawsa a ni.
Mahse, hun kal zelah ShunKla-ho [Sunthla]-ho chuan Haka-ho nen inremna an siam a, mahse Tlaisun-a chuan chenna thar a hmu ta a, chu chu tuna Falam’ (Carey and Tuck 1976: 141). Tlaisun hlui kha thlaler ni lo mahse Falam chu an khawpui a lo ni ta a ni.
Chu indona an chak loh hnu chuan Sunthla te hian Chin history-ah politics lamah chanvo an chang leh tawh ngai lo.
Tlaisun erawh chu politics kalphung danglam tak takin an lo chhuak leh ta a ni.
Ram-uk kalphung pangngai ni lovin democratic council an din ta a ni.
Historian hrang hrangte chuan hetiang democratic council dinna tur chhan hrang hrang an sawi a.
Carey leh Tuck-a sawi dan chuan an khawtlang hi ram dang mite awmna a nih avangin paramount chief Ram-uk lal-pa an thlang thei lo.
Chumi awmzia chu, aristocratic headmen-te chu an khawpui hmasa ang bawka Hlawn Ceu hnam atanga lo piang chauh ni lovin, khaw thenkhat chu Za Hau hnam leh Mizo hnam Hualngo-te pawhin an awp a ni. A chhan dang chu Za Peng Sakhong-a sawi dan chuan ‘settlement thar leh democratic council din a, hnehna thuthlung an zawm duh lo mai mai’ (1983: 9) vang a ni.
Khawpui hluiah an cheng chhunzawm zel a, Khua-hrum ang chiah kha an biak chhunzawm zel a nih chuan Khua-man leh chhiah dangte chu anmahni hnehtu Haka hnenah an pek a ngai dawn a ni.
Tribal indonaah chuan party pakhatin indonaah an chak lo a nih chuan mipuite an hneh mai ni lovin, Khua-hrum pawhin an hneh tihna a ni.
Chutichuan, an chak loh hnuah chuan anmahni vengtu pathian, Khua-hrum chuan an Khua-hrum chu hnehtu Khua-hrum hnuaiah a awm tawh avangin a venghim tawh lovang, malsawmna pawh a pe tawh lovang.

Hnehna changa zawm a, an Khua-hrum chu hnuaia awm tura tihhniam ai chuan Tlaisun-ho chuan system pumpui lakah an hel a, chutiang chuan an siam tha ta a ni.
An khawpui leh an Khua-hrum chauh ni lovin, paramount chief Ram-uk system ngaihtuahna pawh an kalsan vek a ni.
System hlui kha vawng reng se chuan Haka lal rorelna hnuaiah hian an awm reng ang.
Chuvangin fing takin Democratic Council an din a, chu chu hlawhtling leh chak takin a lang.
Kum zabi khat vel chhungin an ṭhenawm ram zawng zawng deuhthaw chu an la vek a, Za Hau leh Haka tih loh chu an la vek a ni.
Zomi hnam zinga Sizang leh Sokte te, Hualngo leh Mizo hnam dangte pawh an hneh ta a ni (cf. Carey leh Tuck 1976: 143). Kum 1896-a British-hoin Chinram an hneh khan Carey leh Tuck-a te chuan Tlaisun-te chu Chinram pumpuiah ‘thiltithei ber’ an nih thu an report a.
Chin chanchin ziaktute, Za Peng Sakhong leh Vumson-a te pawhin British-ho chu hmuna lo lang lo se chuan ni khat chu Tlaisun-ho hian Chin mi zawng zawng chu an thuneihna hnuaiah an inzawm khawm vek mai thei tih an pawm a ni (Z. Sakhong, 1983; Vumson 1986: 103). Heng thil thleng ropui tak takte hi ka pan hma hian phunglam-a thil pawimawh dang, biakna leh tih dan phung hlui (traditional patterns of worship and rituals) te hi ngun zawkin kan en a ngai a ni. 𝑯𝑹𝑰𝑨𝑻𝑻𝑼𝑹𝑻𝑬

1 Khawthlang mithiamte zingah Lehman-a chauh hi ‘khua’ awmzia hi a ngaihven tawk a, tuna a lehkhabu hlui,
The Structure of Chin Society-ah
Khua ’ tih thumal hi ‘thlarau lam thilsiam chi khat tlangpui’ tiin a sawifiah bawk.
Lehman-a (1963), pp. 172-174-ah en rawh.

Chin tawng hrang hrang a zirin Khua-zing spelling pawh a danglam thei a.
Entirnan, Parry chuan- Lakher tawngin ‘Khazangpa’ a spell laiin, Carry leh Tuck-a te chuan Lai tawngin ‘Khozin’ 2 an spell thung.

3 chu a awmzia takah chuan’ (1994: 126). A thusawi hi ka ngaihdan chuan a dik a, a dik lo bawk eng a zirin.
Chin tawng hrang hrangah chuan zing hi thim leh zing a ni tih lehlin theih a ni a, chu chu êng a ni.
A awmzia pahnihah chuan Zing hi hmuh theih loh chakna a ni a, chu chuan êng leh thim chhuahna bulpui a pe vek a ni.
Chuvangin thim hi Zing awmzia tak tak ni lovin Zing chhinchhiahna a ni.

4 Chester U. Strait-a chuan Ding-thlu le Lai-rel chu Pathian laka pathian danglam tak niin a sawi a, Chin tawngte a hriatthiam loh vang pawh a ni mai thei (Strait 1933: 57).

5 Hetah hian Sing Kho Khai ka zui a, Zomi tawng ka hmang bawk.
Mizo tawngah chuan an ti a mahse Lai tawngah chuan Tual leh Mual an ti ve ve a ni.
Zophei leh Lakher-ah te dialects Tual hi Tlenlai an ti a, chuvangin inthawina lung chu Tlenlai tia koh a ni.

6 Thingtli thing pahnih chu Nawi ruamah an la ding reng a.
7 Aibur khuaa Mang Lung nena an inbiakna, 29 March 1986.
8 He concept chungchangah hian mi engemaw zat ka interview tawh a, tehkhin thu chhanna ka hmu tlangpui.
Van level pathum chu tlangte nen an khaikhin a – a sang ber chu Khua-zing chenna in nen, a sang ber pahnihna chu Lulpi chenna in nen, pathumna chu Mithi-khua nen; leilung ruam nen, leh Khua-chia chenna chu khawvel hnuaiah a awm laiin.
Sing Kho Khai (1984), Hre Lian Kio (1972), Pu Sakhong (1971) leh Lian H. Sakhong (1988b)

9 Mithi-khua leh Khua-vang Mithi Tlawn lam panna thawnthu Lian H. Sakhong (1988b)-ah en la, a bikin Bung 6-naah; leh Hre Lian Kio 1975, a bik takin Bung 5-naah pawh.

10 Carey leh Tuck-a te 1976: 152-153. Hetah hian local oral tradition ka zawm a, Capt. Sui Mang-a Haka Thawhkehnak-a sawi dan chuan.

11 Rung awmzia chu ‘a chungnung ber, thiltithei, hlauhawm’ a ni a, Met chu thiltihtheihna, a bik takin Pathian thiltihtheihna, thiltihtheihna thuruk a ni a; Met hi nun chhunga thil pawimawh ber, nun bulpui ber, cream leh nun chhunga thil tha ber tia lehlin theih a ni bawk.
Hrinzung emaw Hrinzung Kung emaw hi Chin hnam sakhaw-a Pathian thu thuk tak atanga lo chhuak ‘nunna thing’ a ni.
Vawikhat chu he leiah hian Khua-zing hian ‘nunna thing’ Hrinzung Kung an tih chu a lo phun a. Mahse ni khat chu he thing vengtu ui pakhat chu a muhil lai chuan van atanga Thlarau Mi chuan thing chu a ru a, thla chungah a phun ta a.
Nunna thing chu thla chungah awm tawh mah se, Chin hnam dan chuan malsawmna atan Khua-zing atanga Zing tia koh, Van-ni, inthawina inkhawm hmangin Zing-dangh an tih hmangin ‘nunna chhuahna’ an la dawng thei tih a vawng tlat a, Khua- hrum biakna.

12 Burma rama Chin State khawpui ber ‘Haka’ tih thumal hmasa ber hi Chin hnam dan anga sakhaw ngaihdan ‘Hauka’ atanga lo chhuak niin an ring a, a theological awmzia chu ‘Van Kawngkhar’ a ni.

13 Aibur khuaa Chief Sang Bill fanu Pi Par Cin nen 25 March 1986-a an inbiakna.

Next time 🆓⏩️