Thuthlung hluiah chuan Chin-ho hian politics kalphung hrang hrang pathum an siam a, chungte chu Khua- bawi kalphung, Ram-uk kalphung leh βTlaisun Democratic Councilβ (Stevenson 1943: 213) te an ni.
π²π―πΌπ¨ π³π¨π³ π³π¬π― πΉπ¨π΄-πΌπ² πΊπππππKhua-bawi kalphungah chuan khaw zalen tak chu hier- archical local chief-in a awp a, ani hian a ram chhunga politics, sakhaw, khawtlang leh sum leh pai lama thil awm zawng zawng thunun leh enkawl theihna thuneihna leh tih tur a nei a ni.
Khua-bawi tih awmzia chu βKhua roreltuβ tihna a ni. Khaw roreltu chuan khua council ruat theihna a nei a, ram sem theihna a nei a, a hnuaia mite hnen atanga chhiah lak theihna dikna.
A hnuaia awm khawtlang zawng zawng aiawhin Tual Khua- hrum inthawina hlan theihna a nei a ni. A tawi zawngin, ama khuaah pawh βlei lalβ a ni.
Khua-bawi kalphungah chuan lal thuneihna leh tih tur awm dan chu a tlangpuiin Ram-uk kalphungah chuan lal ber nen a inang vek a ni.
Frederick Downs-a ang history ziaktute chuan hetiang political system hi βindependent village-stateβ an ti (Downs 1983: 11). A nihna takah chuan khua-ram zalen tak chu a tlem hle.
Kawng khat emaw kawng dangah emaw chuan khaw dang leh khawtlang dangte nen emaw, hnam lal chak zawkte nen emaw indona inzawmna an siam a.
αΉ¬henkhatah chuan indonaa αΉangrual hotu ber pawh zahna an hlan hial a ni.
Amaherawhchu,
Tual ground-a Khua-hrum biakna chu mahni inrintawkna neia an tih chhung chuan, Khua-bawi system of independent village-states-ah kan categorize a.
Ram-uk system hi political system a ni a, hierarchical tribal chief chuan hnam pum emaw, hnam thenkhat emaw, khaw pahnih aia tam emaw, Tual khawtlang pum emaw a thunun a ni. Hetiang political system hi tribal feudalism tia sawi theih a ni.
Ram-uk kalphung hi hnam dan anga Chin khawtlang nunah chuan politics kalphung pawimawh ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni.
Principle-ah chuan ram uk lal-pa hian khaw hnih tal a awp tur a ni a, mahse a tlangpuiin hnam pumpui Sailo lalpain tuna Mizoram State-a Mizo hnam pumpui a awp angin, a nih loh leh khaw 300-500 vel a awp ang khan – Chief Hau Cin Khup-a Burma rama tuna Chin State-a Tiddim leh Tawnzang khawpui zawng zawng a awp angin.
Ram-uk thiltihtheihna leh tih tur chu a chungah kan sawi tawh a.
I leh Ram-uk system te chu Tual biaknaah dan anga siam leh nemngheh a nih avangin Khua-bawi Khua-hrum-a chief thuneihnate engtin nge a bung leh lamah kan sawi dawn a ni.
π»π³π¨π°πΊπΌπ΅ π«π¬π΄πΆπͺπΉπ¨π»π°πͺ πͺπΆπΌπ΅πͺπ°π³-π°π΅ π¨ πΊπ¨πΎπ°Khua-lalleh Ram-uk system bakah hian Chin-ho hian an hnam danin democratic political system βTlaisun Democratic Councilβ an tih chu an siam a, chu chuan βdemocratic constitutionβ a nei a, βuppa council-in a thunun a, chu chu an vai vek nia ngaih a ni mi hausa tak takteβn an sawi (Lehman 1963: 141).
Dik tak chuan Chin ho hian hetiang democratic council hi an siam chhuak ta mai mai a ni. Tlaisun ho hi Sunthla leh Haka te ang bawkin, Laimi hnam awmna hmasa ber Lai-lun thlahte an ni.
Kum zabi sawm leh parukna leh sawm leh pasarih chhung khan Haka-ho chu an chak hle a, chuvangin kawng khata Haka leh khawthlang lama Sunthla leh Tlaisun inkara thuneihna inchuhna chu a nasa ta hle a ni.
Indona chu vawi eng emaw zat a chhuak a. Pakhatnaah chuan Sunthla leh Tlaisun te chu hnehtu niin a lang a, mahse Haka lal Lian Nawn lal lai khachuan khaw pahnih [Sunthla leh Tlaisun] chu a bei a, a tichhia a, a chhunga chengte chu a tidarh darh a, kum tam tak chhung chu tlanchhia angin khawsakna hmunah an khawsa a ni.
Mahse, hun kal zelah ShunKla-ho [Sunthla]-ho chuan Haka-ho nen inremna an siam a, mahse Tlaisun-a chuan chenna thar a hmu ta a, chu chu tuna Falamβ (Carey and Tuck 1976: 141). Tlaisun hlui kha thlaler ni lo mahse Falam chu an khawpui a lo ni ta a ni.
Chu indona an chak loh hnu chuan Sunthla te hian Chin history-ah politics lamah chanvo an chang leh tawh ngai lo.
Tlaisun erawh chu politics kalphung danglam tak takin an lo chhuak leh ta a ni.
Ram-uk kalphung pangngai ni lovin democratic council an din ta a ni.
Historian hrang hrangte chuan hetiang democratic council dinna tur chhan hrang hrang an sawi a.
Carey leh Tuck-a sawi dan chuan an khawtlang hi ram dang mite awmna a nih avangin paramount chief Ram-uk lal-pa an thlang thei lo.
Chumi awmzia chu, aristocratic headmen-te chu an khawpui hmasa ang bawka Hlawn Ceu hnam atanga lo piang chauh ni lovin, khaw thenkhat chu Za Hau hnam leh Mizo hnam Hualngo-te pawhin an awp a ni. A chhan dang chu Za Peng Sakhong-a sawi dan chuan βsettlement thar leh democratic council din a, hnehna thuthlung an zawm duh lo mai maiβ (1983: 9) vang a ni.
Khawpui hluiah an cheng chhunzawm zel a, Khua-hrum ang chiah kha an biak chhunzawm zel a nih chuan Khua-man leh chhiah dangte chu anmahni hnehtu Haka hnenah an pek a ngai dawn a ni.
Tribal indonaah chuan party pakhatin indonaah an chak lo a nih chuan mipuite an hneh mai ni lovin, Khua-hrum pawhin an hneh tihna a ni.
Chutichuan, an chak loh hnuah chuan anmahni vengtu pathian, Khua-hrum chuan an Khua-hrum chu hnehtu Khua-hrum hnuaiah a awm tawh avangin a venghim tawh lovang, malsawmna pawh a pe tawh lovang.
Hnehna changa zawm a, an Khua-hrum chu hnuaia awm tura tihhniam ai chuan Tlaisun-ho chuan system pumpui lakah an hel a, chutiang chuan an siam tha ta a ni.
An khawpui leh an Khua-hrum chauh ni lovin, paramount chief Ram-uk system ngaihtuahna pawh an kalsan vek a ni.
System hlui kha vawng reng se chuan Haka lal rorelna hnuaiah hian an awm reng ang.
Chuvangin fing takin Democratic Council an din a, chu chu hlawhtling leh chak takin a lang.
Kum zabi khat vel chhungin an αΉhenawm ram zawng zawng deuhthaw chu an la vek a, Za Hau leh Haka tih loh chu an la vek a ni.
Zomi hnam zinga Sizang leh Sokte te, Hualngo leh Mizo hnam dangte pawh an hneh ta a ni (cf. Carey leh Tuck 1976: 143). Kum 1896-a British-hoin Chinram an hneh khan Carey leh Tuck-a te chuan Tlaisun-te chu Chinram pumpuiah βthiltithei berβ an nih thu an report a.
Chin chanchin ziaktute, Za Peng Sakhong leh Vumson-a te pawhin British-ho chu hmuna lo lang lo se chuan ni khat chu Tlaisun-ho hian Chin mi zawng zawng chu an thuneihna hnuaiah an inzawm khawm vek mai thei tih an pawm a ni (Z. Sakhong, 1983; Vumson 1986: 103). Heng thil thleng ropui tak takte hi ka pan hma hian phunglam-a thil pawimawh dang, biakna leh tih dan phung hlui (traditional patterns of worship and rituals) te hi ngun zawkin kan en a ngai a ni.
π―πΉπ°π¨π»π»πΌπΉπ»π¬1 Khawthlang mithiamte zingah Lehman-a chauh hi βkhuaβ awmzia hi a ngaihven tawk a, tuna a lehkhabu hlui,
The Structure of Chin Society-ah
Khua β tih thumal hi βthlarau lam thilsiam chi khat tlangpuiβ tiin a sawifiah bawk.
Lehman-a (1963), pp. 172-174-ah en rawh.
Chin tawng hrang hrang a zirin Khua-zing spelling pawh a danglam thei a.
Entirnan, Parry chuan- Lakher tawngin βKhazangpaβ a spell laiin, Carry leh Tuck-a te chuan Lai tawngin βKhozinβ 2 an spell thung.
3 chu a awmzia takah chuanβ (1994: 126). A thusawi hi ka ngaihdan chuan a dik a, a dik lo bawk eng a zirin.
Chin tawng hrang hrangah chuan zing hi thim leh zing a ni tih lehlin theih a ni a, chu chu Γͺng a ni.
A awmzia pahnihah chuan Zing hi hmuh theih loh chakna a ni a, chu chuan Γͺng leh thim chhuahna bulpui a pe vek a ni.
Chuvangin thim hi Zing awmzia tak tak ni lovin Zing chhinchhiahna a ni.
4 Chester U. Strait-a chuan Ding-thlu le Lai-rel chu Pathian laka pathian danglam tak niin a sawi a, Chin tawngte a hriatthiam loh vang pawh a ni mai thei (Strait 1933: 57).
5 Hetah hian Sing Kho Khai ka zui a, Zomi tawng ka hmang bawk.
Mizo tawngah chuan an ti a mahse Lai tawngah chuan Tual leh Mual an ti ve ve a ni.
Zophei leh Lakher-ah te dialects Tual hi Tlenlai an ti a, chuvangin inthawina lung chu Tlenlai tia koh a ni.
6 Thingtli thing pahnih chu Nawi ruamah an la ding reng a.
7 Aibur khuaa Mang Lung nena an inbiakna, 29 March 1986.
8 He concept chungchangah hian mi engemaw zat ka interview tawh a, tehkhin thu chhanna ka hmu tlangpui.
Van level pathum chu tlangte nen an khaikhin a – a sang ber chu Khua-zing chenna in nen, a sang ber pahnihna chu Lulpi chenna in nen, pathumna chu Mithi-khua nen; leilung ruam nen, leh Khua-chia chenna chu khawvel hnuaiah a awm laiin.
Sing Kho Khai (1984), Hre Lian Kio (1972), Pu Sakhong (1971) leh Lian H. Sakhong (1988b)
9 Mithi-khua leh Khua-vang Mithi Tlawn lam panna thawnthu Lian H. Sakhong (1988b)-ah en la, a bikin Bung 6-naah; leh Hre Lian Kio 1975, a bik takin Bung 5-naah pawh.
10 Carey leh Tuck-a te 1976: 152-153. Hetah hian local oral tradition ka zawm a, Capt. Sui Mang-a Haka Thawhkehnak-a sawi dan chuan.
11 Rung awmzia chu βa chungnung ber, thiltithei, hlauhawmβ a ni a, Met chu thiltihtheihna, a bik takin Pathian thiltihtheihna, thiltihtheihna thuruk a ni a; Met hi nun chhunga thil pawimawh ber, nun bulpui ber, cream leh nun chhunga thil tha ber tia lehlin theih a ni bawk.
Hrinzung emaw Hrinzung Kung emaw hi Chin hnam sakhaw-a Pathian thu thuk tak atanga lo chhuak βnunna thingβ a ni.
Vawikhat chu he leiah hian Khua-zing hian βnunna thingβ Hrinzung Kung an tih chu a lo phun a. Mahse ni khat chu he thing vengtu ui pakhat chu a muhil lai chuan van atanga Thlarau Mi chuan thing chu a ru a, thla chungah a phun ta a.
Nunna thing chu thla chungah awm tawh mah se, Chin hnam dan chuan malsawmna atan Khua-zing atanga Zing tia koh, Van-ni, inthawina inkhawm hmangin Zing-dangh an tih hmangin βnunna chhuahnaβ an la dawng thei tih a vawng tlat a, Khua- hrum biakna.
12 Burma rama Chin State khawpui ber βHakaβ tih thumal hmasa ber hi Chin hnam dan anga sakhaw ngaihdan βHaukaβ atanga lo chhuak niin an ring a, a theological awmzia chu βVan Kawngkharβ a ni.
13 Aibur khuaa Chief Sang Bill fanu Pi Par Cin nen 25 March 1986-a an inbiakna.
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